由北达科他州大豆委员会资助
Breeding of Improved Non-GMO Cultivars 和 Germplasm
该项目将为大豆种植者提供NDSU开发的非转基因改良品种. 也, 种植者需要信息，使他们能够为自己的农场选择最好的私人公司品种，并确定哪些品种最适合大豆囊肿线虫(SCN)滋生的土壤和缺铁性黄萎病(IDC)易发的土壤. 该项目将提供对scn侵染土壤和表现IDC症状的土壤进行品种试验的产量结果. Protein 和 oil content of company varieties will also be provided. The NDSU soybean breeding program has a long history of providing very competitive varieties. 有许多改良的非转基因试验系即将作为命名品种或作为特种食品级品种发布. 非转基因育种工作是非常重要的，因为它可以作为高产亲本的来源，用于开发抗草甘膦的品种，并为大豆食品公司提供特殊的产品.
Visual Ratings for Iron Deficiency Chlorosis
Iron-deficiency chlorosis (IDC) is common in North Dakota 和 reduces yield. The best way to reduce the yield losses associated with IDC is to select a tolerant cultivar. 种植者需要数据来比较不同私人公司在相同环境下使用相同实验方法的品种. 该提案将允许大约350种不同的转基因公司品种和非转基因品种进行IDC耐受性评估. 另外100人 NDSU breeding lines would be evaluated. 兰登研究与推广中心(REC)的所有私人公司品种, 卡灵顿矩形, 迈诺特列克, 和 法戈主站产量试验将在多个现场对IDC的视觉评级进行评估. In addition, the 100 NDSU lines will be tested genetically for known IDC molecular markers. These data will be contrasted against the field scores to determine 精度 of IDC 预测. The validation of these markers will allow for selection of IDC tolerant varieties in the NDSU program. 由IDC引起的视觉变黄已被证明与有IDC的田地的产量密切相关. 这些数据将为公司产品的IDC耐受性提供独立的确认，并使种植者能够比较来自不同公司的品种. 这一建议将有助于种植者选择耐受性品种，以提高过去有IDC历史的田地的产量.
Breeding of Glyphosate-Resistant Soybean Cultivars
这笔拨款将使NDSU能够继续开发抗草甘膦的大豆品种. 在NDSU育种计划中，有抗草甘膦的实验品系，正在进行从1到1的成熟度范围内的测试.0到00.4 成熟, 和 properly adapted throughout the entirety of North Dakota. New experimental lines are developed each year. This project will significantly reduce seed costs to soybean growers. NDSU有一个非常大的育种计划，致力于开发抗草甘膦的品种，并将在今年继续扩大. 孟山都公司表示，从2015年开始，种植者将能够将自己的种子保存到第二年种植. 然而, the private company cultivars are also protected under a Variety Patent. Cultivars developed at NDSU are not patented. 购买NDSU开发的抗草甘膦品种的种植者将在最初购买种子后的第二年和随后的几年节省成本. The seed of new experimental lines will be increased in Chile, S.A. each winter to speed the development 和 release.
Funded by North Central Soybean 研究 Program
SOYGEN2: Increasing soybean genetic gain for yield 和 种子成分 by developing tools, know-how 和 community among public breeders in the north central US
The soybean research community has generated incredible public resources for soybean breeding, including collaborative yield trials such as the Northern Uniform Soybean Trials (NUST), 哪些可以追溯到1941年, 和 commodity board funded genotypic data 和 genotyping platforms. 然而, 这些工具可以更好地用于提高大豆产量和改善种子成分的遗传收益. 作为我们第一个目标的一部分, we are adding value 和 utility to these resources through a breeding database housed within SoyBase, the current community-supported USDA-ARS repository for soybean genetics 和 genomic data. 除了农艺, 电阻, 和 composition data normally collected in the NUST, 我们添加了GPS坐标，以便为NUST访问环境数据，并为NUST和SCN区域试验添加了基因型数据, this information will facilitate breeding for stability of both yield 和 种子成分.
基因组学辅助育种需要使用全基因组分子标记数据来帮助育种决策，使育种计划更加高效和有效. Applications range from the use of genomic selection, which can increase selection intensity 和 allow selection of parents earlier in a program, 利用基因组数据对亲本进行最佳配对，以创造包含更多优良育种品系的育种群体，甚至可能在种子产量和蛋白质等性状之间建立更有利的相关性. This latter application has been called “genomic mating”.
乐虎电子基因组学辅助植物育种技术的发展和优化，已经发表了大量的科学文章, 在某种程度上, 通过我们之前的NCSRP项目, we have learned about the optimal application of genomics-assisted breeding methods applied to soybean. The actual implementation of genomics-assisted breeding in the public plant breeding communities, 然而, 是最小的. 因此, 目标2的重点是开发和使用高通量全基因组基因分型技术，该技术成本低，具有高质量可重复的标记数据, 为基因组数据管理和决策提供可用的工具，这些工具将基因组数据和表型数据以及各种分析管道以用户友好的形式集成在一起. While we are making these tools 和 technologies widely available, 向公共部门的转让和可用性对我们有效培训未来大豆育种者的能力至关重要, many of whom will be employed by private sector companies using these techniques.
Increases in soybean yield through breeding have been slower than growers expect. 迪尔斯领导的一项合作研究显示，从1923年到2008年发布的一组具有历史意义的MG II-IV品种最近的遗传增益率为0.43 bu/ac/yr, whereas reports of genetic gain in corn generally range from 1.0 to 1.2 bu / ac /年. Moreover, this same study found that protein has decreased between these time periods by 1.7 percentage points, an undesirable outcome. Objective 3 of this work focuses on the evaluation of different breeding methods, each of which target one or more areas for improvement, 比如选择强度, 精度, 多样性, 和 the time required for each breeding cycle, 和 simultaneous improvement of traits that typically show negative correlations, such as yield 和 seed protein content. 育种者将在他们自己的育种计划中实施和测试这些方法，以确定哪些方法最可行，以提高遗传收益. Compiling data across breeding programs will provide power 和 confidence in our findings.
The proposed activities build on the previous project funded to this group by NCSRP. 该项目的一个主要目标是对美国农业部大豆种质资源收集的不同大豆基因型进行广泛评估，历时四年，在30个环境中获得高质量的表型和环境数据. Completion 和 follow-up on that is detailed under Objective 4 in this project, 和 it provides foundational information for tool development 和 implementation. Information from that study will be leveraged in this project for Objectives 1, 2, 和 3. The entire set of 750 accessions evaluated in the project, or various subsets of those (i.e. exotic l和 races only, elite germplasm only, certain geographical regions only, etc.) can be used as training sets for 预测 of yield, 种子成分, 成熟, 和 other traits for various objectives 和 for other programs.
http://www.soybeanresearchdata.com/Project.aspx?id=54458
